Elucidations: Prev Next

  • Belief when you don’t have overwhelming evidence.
    • Something distinct from knowledge.
    • E.g. Faith in the goodness of humanity. Faith in the resurrection.
  • Two opinions: faith is a virtue, faith is intellectually irresponsible
  • What is the structure of the faith?
    • Recent interest in Paul:
      • Had a conversion from a persecutor of Christians. He doesn’t seek historical evidence for it.
      • After his revelation, he doesn’t go to Jerusalem, he goes into the desert.
      • He is not seeking prophetic evidence, yet it enables him to act in the world.
      • The structure of Paul’s faith is interesting. “Response to a call” as opposed to some concrete belief.
      • The formation of a self in relation to a call/ethical demand.
        • That call is going to motivate a self to act.
        • Relevance: there is a motivational deficit in liberal democracy, how do we remedy this?
      • The interesting part of religion is not whether their supernatural beliefs are true, rather how the call believers to action.
      • What sort of thing is commitment?
        • Something that is also touched upon in Existentialist philosophy too.
  • Moral athiests could deny that they take things on faith.
    • Critchley thinks ‘evangelical athiests’ (Dawkins/Hitchens).
    • Faith in reason, that science will work out the truths of the universe without participating.
    • In Sermon on the Mount, Jesus says to love your enemy and to have infinite forgiveness.
      • You can think Jesus was entitled to make these demands because he was God.
      • Alternatively he was just some crazy guy making extreme demands to prick people’s conscience.
  • Passive nihilism comes out of people being distanced/austerity towards moral commitment.
  • Reason/rationality cannot be divorced from processes like bureaucracy of modernity. Need faith / commitment to overcome sorts of bad rational processes.
  • How to choose the right commitment?
    • E.g. want to avoid becoming committed Nazis.
    • Commitment + generality/universality (Kantian)
      • Need practical moral philosophy to popularize something abstract like Kantian morality.
  • Friendship and Love
    • These require trust/faith (Othello example)
    • Friendship: Aristotelian vs Christian views
  • A liberal society based on reason would require a private/public separation
    • Anarchism has a variety of alternatives of new forms of order.